{"id":11390,"date":"2026-06-10T23:50:44","date_gmt":"2026-06-10T21:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/?p=11390"},"modified":"2026-10-12T11:53:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T09:53:18","slug":"neplatne-rozvazani-pracovniho-pomeru-na-co-mate-narok","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/blog\/neplatne-rozvazani-pracovniho-pomeru-na-co-mate-narok\/","title":{"rendered":"Neplatn\u00e9 rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru: Na co m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zam\u011bstnavatel v\u00e1m dal v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f, ale vy si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee nebyla v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku? Nebo v\u00e1s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dili, \u017ee jste se \u201edohodli”, a\u00a0teprve te\u010f zji\u0161\u0165ujete, \u017ee podm\u00ednky dohody byly nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9? Neplatn\u00e9 rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru je t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0praxi nar\u00e1\u017e\u00edme velmi \u010dasto. Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat na to, kdy je rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru neplatn\u00e9 a\u00a0na jak\u00e9 n\u00e1hrady m\u00e1te jako zam\u011bstnanec n\u00e1rok.<\/p>\n

Kdy je rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru neplatn\u00e9?<\/h2>\n

Pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice je p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b formalizovan\u00e9. I\u00a0mal\u00e1 chyba v\u00a0procesu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee cel\u00e9 rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed bude neplatn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f<\/h2>\n

V\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f od zam\u011bstnavatele mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat n\u011bkolik z\u00e1konn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek:<\/p>\n

- Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u00edsemn\u00e1 - \u00fastn\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f neplat\u00ed
\n- Mus\u00ed obsahovat d\u016fvod - bez d\u016fvodu m\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f pouze zam\u011bstnanec, ne zam\u011bstnavatel
\n- D\u016fvod mus\u00ed b\u00fdt uveden konkr\u00e9tn\u011b - obecn\u00e1 formulace \u201eorganiza\u010dn\u00ed d\u016fvody” bez bli\u017e\u0161\u00edho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed nesta\u010d\u00ed
\n- Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt doru\u010dena zam\u011bstnanci<\/p>\n

Pokud n\u011bkter\u00e1 z\u00a0t\u011bchto podm\u00ednek chyb\u00ed, v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f je neplatn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Okam\u017eit\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru<\/h2>\n

Okam\u017eit\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed ze strany zam\u011bstnance nebo zam\u011bstnavatele je p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 pouze v\u00a0z\u00e1konem stanoven\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech:<\/p>\n

- Ze strany zam\u011bstnance: pokud by dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon pr\u00e1ce ohro\u017eoval jeho zdrav\u00ed nebo byl v\u00a0rozporu s\u00a0dobr\u00fdmi mravy
\n- Ze strany zam\u011bstnavatele: p\u0159i hrub\u00e9m poru\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00edch povinnost\u00ed zam\u011bstnancem<\/p>\n

I\u00a0zde plat\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na p\u00edsemnou formu a\u00a0uveden\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho d\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n

Dohoda o\u00a0rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru<\/h2>\n

Dohoda mezi zam\u011bstnancem a\u00a0zam\u011bstnavatelem m\u016f\u017ee zn\u00edt l\u00e1kav\u011b - rychl\u00fd odchod, \u010dasto s\u00a0n\u00e1rokem na odstupn\u00e9. Ale pozor! Dohoda mus\u00ed b\u00fdt:<\/p>\n

- U\u010din\u011bna p\u00edsemn\u011b
\n- Svozbobn\u011bn\u00e1 - zam\u011bstnanec mus\u00ed m\u00edt \u010das na rozmy\u0161lenou (nejm\u00e9n\u011b 15\u00a0dn\u00ed, pokud o\u00a0to po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1)
\n- Obsahovat p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 podm\u00ednky - odstupn\u00e9, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jin\u00e9 v\u00fdhody<\/p>\n

Pokud byla dohoda uzav\u0159ena pod n\u00e1tlakem nebo bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dasu na rozmy\u0161lenou, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161ena za neplatnou.<\/p>\n

Jak postupovat, kdy\u017e pova\u017eujete rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed za neplatn\u00e9?<\/h2>\n

Obr\u00e1tit se na soud do 2\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f<\/h2>\n

Jednou z\u00a0nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch lh\u016ft v\u00a0pracovn\u00edm pr\u00e1vu je dvoum\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed lh\u016fta pro pod\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealoby. Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se ode dne, kdy m\u011blo k\u00a0rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed doj\u00edt. Pokud tuto lh\u016ftu prome\u0161k\u00e1te, soud va\u0161i \u017ealobu pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b odm\u00edtne.<\/p>\n

\u017daloba na neplatnost<\/h2>\n

Pod\u00e1te \u017ealobu na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd okresn\u00ed soud (podle m\u00edsta, kde jste pracovali). \u017d\u00e1d\u00e1te soud, aby prohl\u00e1sil rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru za neplatn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Co m\u016f\u017ee soud rozhodnout?<\/h2>\n

- Rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed prohl\u00e1s\u00ed za neplatn\u00e9 - mus\u00edte se moci vr\u00e1tit do pr\u00e1ce na stejnou pozici
\n- Zam\u011bstnavateli ulo\u017e\u00ed n\u00e1hradu mzdy - pokud v\u00e1s nevezme zp\u011bt, mus\u00ed v\u00e1m zaplatit mzdu za dobu, kdy jste nebyli zam\u011bstnan\u00ed<\/p>\n

Na jak\u00e9 n\u00e1hrady m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok?<\/h2>\n

Pokud soud rozhodne, \u017ee rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed bylo neplatn\u00e9, m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok na:<\/p>\n

N\u00e1hrada mzdy<\/h2>\n

Zam\u011bstnavatel v\u00e1m mus\u00ed zaplatit mzdu za celou dobu, po kterou jste nebyli zam\u011bstnan\u00ed. To zahrnuje:<\/p>\n

- Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u00fdd\u011blek - po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se za posledn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed
\n- Denn\u011b - za ka\u017ed\u00fd pracovn\u00ed den, kdy jste byli p\u0159ipraveni k\u00a0v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce<\/p>\n

Lh\u016fta pro vyplacen\u00ed n\u00e1hrady mzdy je stanovena na 15\u00a0dn\u00ed od pr\u00e1vn\u00ed moci rozhodnut\u00ed soudu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada dal\u0161\u00edch pln\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n

V\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech m\u016f\u017ee soud p\u0159iznat i\u00a0n\u00e1hradu za:<\/p>\n

- Stravenky nebo jin\u00e9 benefitn\u00ed programy
\n- P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na penzijn\u00ed p\u0159ipoji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed
\n- Jin\u00e9 pln\u011bn\u00ed, na kter\u00e9 byste m\u011bli n\u00e1rok p\u0159i standardn\u00edm pr\u016fb\u011bhu zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n

Odstupn\u00e9<\/h2>\n

Pokud bylo rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed neplatn\u00e9 z\u00a0d\u016fvodu, kter\u00fd by jinak od\u016fvod\u0148oval v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f danou zam\u011bstnavatelem (nap\u0159. nadbyte\u010dnost), m\u016f\u017ee soud p\u0159iznat i\u00a0odstupn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Praktick\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad<\/h2>\n

Klientka dostala v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f s\u00a0od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm \u201eorganiza\u010dn\u00ed zm\u011bny”. P\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed jsme zjistili, \u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel nep\u0159esn\u011b specifikoval, o\u00a0jak\u00e9 zm\u011bny \u0161lo, a\u00a0nenab\u00eddl \u017e\u00e1dnou jinou pr\u00e1ci. Podali jsme \u017ealobu do 2\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Soud rozhodl, \u017ee v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f je neplatn\u00e1, a\u00a0zam\u011bstnavatel musel vyplatit n\u00e1hradu mzdy za 4\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edce, ne\u017e se klientka \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vr\u00e1tila do pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Na co si d\u00e1t pozor?<\/h2>\n

- Lh\u016fty jsou p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 - 2\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edce od rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed je m\u00e1lo, jednejte rychle
\n- Dokumenty si uschovejte - v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f, e-maily, sv\u011bdectv\u00ed koleg\u016f
\n- Neignorujte form\u00e1ln\u00ed chyby - i\u00a0mal\u00e1 chyba v\u00a0dokumentu m\u016f\u017ee znamenat neplatnost
\n- Konzultujte s\u00a0pr\u00e1vn\u00edkem - pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo je specifick\u00e9, specialista v\u00e1m u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed \u010das i\u00a0pen\u00edze<\/p>\n

FAQ<\/h2>
\n\t\t\t\tJak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi neplatnou v\u00fdpov\u011bd\u00ed a\u00a0neplatn\u00fdm okam\u017eit\u00fdm zru\u0161en\u00edm?<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t

U\u00a0neplatn\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi m\u016f\u017eete \u017e\u00e1dat o\u00a0vr\u00e1cen\u00ed do pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0n\u00e1hradu mzdy. U\u00a0neplatn\u00e9ho okam\u017eit\u00e9ho zru\u0161en\u00ed m\u00e1te podobn\u00e9 n\u00e1roky, ale situace je obvykle slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee okam\u017eit\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed vy\u017eaduje velmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fvody.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/details>

\n\t\t\t\tM\u016f\u017ee zam\u011bstnavatel d\u00e1t v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu?<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t

Ne. V\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f ze strany zam\u011bstnavatele mus\u00ed v\u017edy obsahovat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed d\u016fvod. Pokud d\u016fvod neuvede nebo je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 obecn\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f prohl\u00e1\u0161ena za neplatnou.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/details>

\n\t\t\t\tCo kdy\u017e jsem podepsal dohodu, ale te\u010f si to rozmyslel?<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t

M\u00e1te 15\u00a0dn\u00ed na rozmy\u0161lenou, pokud o\u00a0to po\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1te. Pokud jste podepsali pod n\u00e1tlakem nebo bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dasu, m\u016f\u017eete se obr\u00e1tit na soud s\u00a0\u017ealobou na neplatnost dohody. Lh\u016fta je op\u011bt 2\u00a0m\u011bs\u00edce od podpisu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/details>

\n\t\t\t\tZnamen\u00e1 neplatnost rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00edm dostat zp\u011bt svou pr\u00e1ci?<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t

Ano, prim\u00e1rn\u011b m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok na vr\u00e1cen\u00ed do pr\u00e1ce na stejnou pozici. Pokud by to u\u017e nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 (nap\u0159. firma zanikla), m\u016f\u017eete \u017e\u00e1dat n\u00e1hradu mzdy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/details><\/div><\/section>\n

Plat\u00ed stejn\u00e1 pravidla i\u00a0pro v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f danou zam\u011bstnancem?<\/h2>\n

Zam\u011bstnanec m\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu. V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nelze rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pova\u017eovat za neplatn\u00e9. Ale i\u00a0zde mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f p\u00edsemn\u00e1 a\u00a0doru\u010den\u00e1 zam\u011bstnavateli.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Pot\u0159ebujete poradit s\u00a0va\u0161\u00ed situac\u00ed? Jsme tu pro v\u00e1s.<\/p>\n

*Autor: Mgr.\u00a0Petr Uklein, vedouc\u00ed advok\u00e1t advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e ModerniPravnik.cz*<\/p>\n

V\u0161echny tyto slu\u017eby a\u00a0produkty v\u00e1m pomohou snadno zvl\u00e1dnout. Nev\u00e1hejte n\u00e1s kontaktovat a\u00a0objednejte si na\u0161e slu\u017eby, smlouvy \u010di produkty p\u0159\u00edmo na webu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zam\u011bstnavatel v\u00e1m dal v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f, ale vy si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee nebyla v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku? Nebo v\u00e1s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dili, \u017ee jste se \u201edohodli”, a\u00a0teprve te\u010f …<\/p>","protected":false},"author":754,"featured_media":13152,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pracovni-pravo"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNeplatn\u00e9 rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru: Na co m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok? - Modernipravnik.cz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/blog\/neplatne-rozvazani-pracovniho-pomeru-na-co-mate-narok\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Neplatn\u00e9 rozv\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed pracovn\u00edho pom\u011bru: Na co m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok? - Modernipravnik.cz\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Zam\u011bstnavatel v\u00e1m dal v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f, ale vy si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee nebyla v\u00a0po\u0159\u00e1dku? 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