{"id":2385,"date":"2025-03-13T09:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-03-13T07:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/?p=2385"},"modified":"2026-03-15T16:46:12","modified_gmt":"2026-03-15T14:46:12","slug":"pracovni-urazy-z-pohledu-zamestnavatele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/blog\/pracovni-urazy-z-pohledu-zamestnavatele\/","title":{"rendered":"Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance z\u00a0pohledu zam\u011bstnavatele"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Povinnosti zam\u011bstnavatele p\u0159i pracovn\u00edm \u00farazu zam\u011bstnance<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><em>A\u010dkoli v\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nepochybujeme o\u00a0tom, \u017ee jako zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 se v\u0161emi zp\u016fsoby sna\u017e\u00edte vytv\u00e1\u0159et dobr\u00e9 a\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance je bohu\u017eel n\u011bco, s\u00a0\u010d\u00edm se d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji ur\u010dit\u011b setk\u00e1te. Proto\u017ee v\u0161ichni jsme jenom lid\u00e9 a\u00a0\u00farazy se prost\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00ed. A\u00a0jeliko\u017e ze svoj\u00ed pozice zam\u011bstnavatele m\u00e1te ohledn\u011b pracovn\u00edch \u00faraz\u016f sv\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f celou \u0159adu povinnost\u00ed, rozhodli jsme se, \u017ee v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017eeme v\u00a0t\u00e9to problematice ud\u011blat jasno. Jak\u00e9 minimum byste tedy z\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti m\u011bli zn\u00e1t?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Co to pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz vlastn\u011b je<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Podle z\u00e1kona je pracovn\u00edm \u00farazem po\u0161kozen\u00ed zdrav\u00ed zam\u011bstnance nebo jeho smrt zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed jeho pracovn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f nebo v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 souvislosti s\u00a0nimi. Zran\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se mu v\u0161ak p\u0159ihod\u00ed na cest\u011b do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di p\u0159i cest\u011b z\u00a0n\u011bj, za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz pova\u017eovat nem\u016f\u017eeme. Ohledn\u011b nich tak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 povinnosti plnit nemus\u00edte.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak m\u016f\u017ee takov\u00fd pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz vypadat v\u00a0praxi? \u0158e\u0161ili jsme nap\u0159\u00edklad tyto p\u0159\u00edpady:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>jeden zam\u011bstnanec \u0161l\u00e1pne druh\u00e9mu na nohu a\u00a0zran\u00ed ho<\/li>\n<li>zran\u00ed se p\u0159i tom, kdy\u017e se nezi\u0161tn\u011b rozb\u011bhne, aby zachr\u00e1nil sypouc\u00ed se materi\u00e1l z\u00a0n\u00e1kladn\u00edho vozidla<\/li>\n<li>uklouzne po \u0161patn\u011b ozna\u010den\u00e9, pr\u00e1v\u011b vyt\u0159en\u00e9 podlaze a\u00a0natrhne si stehenn\u00ed sval.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A\u00a0ur\u010dit\u011b by i\u00a0v\u00e1s napadly mnoh\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Jak se na pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance jako zam\u011bstnavatel m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159ipravit?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Absolutn\u011b zamezit pracovn\u00edmu \u00farazu nem\u016f\u017eete asi nikdy. P\u0159esto v\u0161ak n\u011bco d\u011blat m\u016f\u017eete, a\u00a0to zejm\u00e9na:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>evidovat<strong>pracovn\u00ed dobu a\u00a0p\u0159est\u00e1vky<\/strong>,<\/li>\n<li>prov\u00e1d\u011bt<strong>BOZP \u0161kolen\u00ed\u00a0<\/strong>(jeho\u017e z\u00e1znam si nech\u00e1te od zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podepsat) a\u00a0<strong>kontrolovat a\u00a0vynucovat\u00a0<\/strong>dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nastaven\u00fdch pravidel,<\/li>\n<li>zajistit na pracovi\u0161ti\u00a0<strong>ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Pro\u010d v\u00e1m to d\u016frazn\u011b doporu\u010dujeme? Proto\u017ee z\u00e1kon v\u00fdslovn\u011b hovo\u0159\u00ed o\u00a0objektivn\u00ed odpov\u011bdnosti zam\u011bstnavatele za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance a\u00a0jeho n\u00e1sledky. A\u00a0tak\u00e9 o\u00a0tom, \u017ee jako zam\u011bstnavatel jste povinni zam\u011bstnanci nahradit \u0161kodu nebo nemajetkovou \u00fajmu, kter\u00e1 mu t\u00edmto \u00farazem byla zp\u016fsoben\u00e1. Proto t\u011bmto preventivn\u00edm krok\u016fm v\u011bnujte n\u00e1le\u017eitou pozornost, zejm\u00e9na BOZP \u0161kolen\u00ed. Obdobn\u011b to plat\u00ed u\u00a0nemoci z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Jeden z\u00a0m\u00fdch zam\u011bstnanc\u016f se zranil - a\u00a0co te\u010f?!<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>V\u00a0prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b hlavn\u011b nepanika\u0159te. I\u00a0kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed mohou vypadat velice v\u00e1\u017en\u011b, nemluv\u011b o\u00a0t\u011bch smrteln\u00fdch, v\u017edy m\u011bjte na pam\u011bti t\u011bchto n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch n\u011bkolik krok\u016f a\u00a0hned podle nich jednejte.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Poskytn\u011bte prvn\u00ed pomoc<\/strong>a\u00a0<strong>zavolejte z\u00e1chranku<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vy\u010dkejte p\u0159\u00edjezdu policie a\u00a0poskytn\u011bte j\u00ed plnou sou\u010dinnost<\/strong>- policist\u00e9 zjist\u00ed a\u00a0zdokumentuj\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh t\u00e9to ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti a\u00a0tak\u00e9 otestuj\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00e9ho na alkohol nebo jin\u00e9 n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ohlaste pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u011b<\/strong>- jeliko\u017e jako zam\u011bstnavatel mus\u00edte b\u00fdt pro p\u0159\u00edpad \u00farazu zam\u011bstnanc\u016f poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>A\u00a0kone\u010dn\u011b budete muset\u00a0<strong>objasnit jeho okolnosti a\u00a0obstarat nezbytnou administrativu<\/strong>- tzn.\u00a0vytvo\u0159it o\u00a0\u00farazu z\u00e1znam podepsan\u00fd zran\u011bn\u00fdm, sv\u011bdky i\u00a0v\u00e1mi, zapsat ho do knihy \u00faraz\u016f a\u00a0nahl\u00e1sit na OSSZ jako tzv.\u00a0\u201ez\u00e1znam o\u00a0\u00farazu\u201c, a\u00a0v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edho \u00farazu i\u00a0na inspekci pr\u00e1ce, pokud to vypad\u00e1, \u017ee bude vy\u017eadovat pracovn\u00ed neschopnost del\u0161\u00ed jak 3\u00a0dny nebo je smrteln\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Co byste m\u011bli m\u00edt na pam\u011bti<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Pokud se stane, \u017ee ubl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed jeden ze zam\u011bstnanc\u016f druh\u00e9mu, m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o\u00a0trestn\u00fd \u010din. Jeho n\u00e1sledky pak samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zran\u011bn\u00e9mu zam\u011bstnanci mus\u00edte nahradit vy jako\u017eto zam\u011bstnavatel. N\u00e1sledn\u011b v\u0161ak tuto uhrazenou \u010d\u00e1stku m\u016f\u017eete \u017e\u00e1dat po tom zam\u011bstnanci, kter\u00fd se tohoto trestn\u00e9ho \u010dinu dopustil. Jak vysok\u00e1 tato zp\u011btn\u00e1 \u00fahrada bude, v\u0161ak z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, zda dot\u010den\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec jednal z\u00a0nedbalosti nebo v\u00a0\u00famyslu. P\u0159i nedbalosti m\u016f\u017eete \u017e\u00e1dat a\u017e 4,5n\u00e1sobek jeho mzdy, p\u0159i \u00famysln\u00e9m ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pak plnou n\u00e1hradu t\u00e9to \u0161kody.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Co po v\u00e1s zam\u011bstnanec n\u00e1sledn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee cht\u00edt<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Pro v\u00fdpo\u010det v\u011bt\u0161iny jeho n\u00e1rok\u016f si zapamatujte pojem \u201epr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd v\u00fdd\u011blek zam\u011bstnance\u201c. Ten je po\u010d\u00edtan\u00fd jako pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd hrub\u00fd v\u00fdd\u011blek za p\u0159edchoz\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed (tzv.\u00a0rozhodn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed) a\u00a0z odpracovan\u00e9 doby v\u00a0tomto rozhodn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed. Zde je v\u00fd\u010det zam\u011bstnancov\u00fdch hlavn\u00edch n\u00e1rok\u016f z\u00a0pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4><strong>1. N\u00e1hrada za ztr\u00e1tu na v\u00fdd\u011blku po dobu pracovn\u00ed neschopnosti<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>V\u00fdpo\u010det t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stky nen\u00ed zrovna jednoduch\u00fd. Obecn\u011b ho v\u0161ak spo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1te jako rozd\u00edl mezi pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm v\u00fdd\u011blkem zam\u011bstnance p\u0159ed \u00farazem a\u00a0plnou v\u00fd\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1hrady mzdy pob\u00edran\u00e9 b\u011bhem doby, kdy zam\u011bstnanec byl v\u00a0pracovn\u00ed neschopnosti, a\u00a0plnou v\u00fd\u0161\u00ed nemocensk\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4><strong>2. N\u00e1hrada za ztr\u00e1tu na v\u00fdd\u011blku po skon\u010den\u00ed pracovn\u00ed neschopnosti<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Tu zam\u011bstnanec uplatn\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00faraz\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed trvalej\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1sledky, a\u00a0to v\u00a0dob\u011b po ji\u017e skon\u010den\u00e9m l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, del\u0161\u00ed dobu trvaj\u00edc\u00ed rekonvalescence \u010di uzn\u00e1n\u00ed invalidity. Tuto \u010d\u00e1stku pak tvo\u0159\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm v\u00fdd\u011blkem p\u0159ed \u00farazem a\u00a0v\u00fdd\u011blkem dosahovan\u00fdm po n\u011bm, s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm p\u0159ipo\u010dten\u00edm zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho invalidn\u00edho d\u016fchodu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4><strong>3. N\u00e1hrada za bolest a\u00a0zt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9ho uplatn\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Tato n\u00e1hrada dostane zam\u011bstnanec jednor\u00e1zov\u011b ve v\u00fd\u0161i stanoven\u00e9 vl\u00e1dn\u00edm na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm, a\u00a0to v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na bodov\u00e9m ohodnocen\u00ed uveden\u00e9m ve zdravotn\u00edm\u00a0posudku l\u00e9ka\u0159e. Toto bodov\u00e9 ohodnocen\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159 prov\u00e1d\u00ed a\u017e pot\u00e9, co zam\u011bstnanec ukon\u010d\u00ed svoje l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd bod p\u0159edstavuje 250\u00a0K\u010d.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4><strong>4. N\u00e1hrada \u00fa\u010deln\u011b vynalo\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>N\u00e1klady l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9ho druhu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1konn\u00e1 povinnost od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed se vztahuje pouze na ty, kter\u00e9 zam\u011bstnanec vynalo\u017e\u00ed \u00fa\u010deln\u011b. Tato n\u00e1hrada pak bude p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161et tomu, kdo je vynalo\u017eil. Tedy pokud za zam\u011bstnance tyto n\u00e1klady zaplat\u00ed n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, bude jejich n\u00e1hrada p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161et pr\u00e1v\u011b jemu. Takovou pohled\u00e1vku v\u0161ak na zam\u011bstnance m\u016f\u017ee tato osoba smlouvou postoupit.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4><strong>5. N\u00e1hrada v\u011bcn\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Pokud zam\u011bstnanec p\u0159i pracovn\u00edm \u00farazu utrp\u011bl \u0161kodu na majetku (nap\u0159\u00edklad si rozbil telefon, fo\u0165\u00e1k, osobn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, nebo po\u0161kodil automobil apod.), m\u016f\u017ee po v\u00e1s \u017e\u00e1dat i\u00a0n\u00e1hradu t\u00e9to \u0161kody.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h4><strong>6. Jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy p\u0159i zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9m ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed zam\u011bstnance<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>P\u0159i zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9m ubl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed zam\u011bstnance p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed jeho man\u017eelovi, partnerovi, d\u00edt\u011bti a\u00a0rodi\u010di jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada vznikl\u00e9 nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy. Tato n\u00e1hrada p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed i\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edm bl\u00edzk\u00fdm osob\u00e1m v\u00a0pom\u011bru rodinn\u00e9m nebo obdobn\u00e9m, kter\u00e9 \u00fajmu zam\u011bstnance poci\u0165uj\u00ed jako vlastn\u00ed \u00fajmu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>A\u00a0jak je to v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b smrti zam\u011bstnance?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Dojde-li k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanc\u016fv pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz bude smrteln\u00fd, jsou va\u0161e z\u00e1konn\u00e9 povinnosti trochu jin\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>N\u00e1hrada \u00fa\u010deln\u011b vynalo\u017een\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0l\u00e9\u010den\u00edm<\/strong>a<strong>\u00a0n\u00e1hrada p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f spojen\u00fdch s\u00a0poh\u0159bem.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e1hrada n\u00e1klad\u016f na v\u00fd\u017eivu poz\u016fstal\u00fdch<\/strong> - tato p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed poz\u016fstal\u00fdm, kter\u00fdm zem\u0159el\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec v\u00fd\u017eivu poskytoval nebo byl povinn\u00fd poskytovat, a\u00a0to do doby, do kter\u00e9 by tuto povinnost m\u011bl, nejd\u00e9le v\u0161ak do konce kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho m\u011bs\u00edce, ve kter\u00e9m by zem\u0159el\u00fd zam\u011bstnanec dos\u00e1hl 65\u00a0let v\u011bku.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jednor\u00e1zov\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy poz\u016fstal\u00fdm<\/strong> - konkr\u00e9tn\u011b je t\u011bmito poz\u016fstal\u00fdmi man\u017eel nebo partner zem\u0159el\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance, d\u00edt\u011b zem\u0159el\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance, a\u00a0rodi\u010d zem\u0159el\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance, a\u00a0touto n\u00e1hradou \u010d\u00e1stka nejm\u00e9n\u011b ve v\u00fd\u0161i dvacetin\u00e1sobku pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy tohoto zam\u011bstnance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e1hrada v\u011bcn\u00e9 \u0161kody<\/strong> - tato n\u00e1hrada (za mobil, po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, \u0161kodu na aut\u011b apod.) p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161\u00ed d\u011bdic\u016fm zam\u011bstnance.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Nezoufejte - va\u0161e odpov\u011bdnost za pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance nen\u00ed absolutn\u00ed!<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Z\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho by se mohlo zd\u00e1t, \u017ee odpov\u011bdnost za pracovn\u00ed \u00farazy va\u0161ich zam\u011bstnanc\u016f jde naprosto a\u00a0bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u011b v\u017edy na va\u0161i hlavu a\u00a0v\u017edy jste to vy, kdo mus\u00ed zran\u011bn\u00e9mu zam\u011bstnanci platit, a\u010dkoli si toto zran\u011bn\u00ed t\u0159eba zp\u016fsobil t\u00edm, \u017ee je \u201ene\u0161ika\u201c. Ano, to, \u017ee je zam\u011bstnanec ne\u0161ika, v\u00e1s je\u0161t\u011b povinnosti hradit mu \u0161kodu \u010di nemajetkovou \u00fajmu zp\u016fsobenou \u00farazem nezprost\u00ed. Ov\u0161em jsou tu p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy tomu tak b\u00fdt m\u016f\u017ee.<\/p>\n<p>Povinnosti nahradit \u0161kodu nebo nemajetkovou \u00fajmu se<strong>\u00a0zprost\u00edte zcela<\/strong>, prok\u00e1\u017eete-li, \u017ee vznikla<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>tak, \u017ee zam\u011bstnanec sv\u00fdm zavin\u011bn\u00edm poru\u0161il pr\u00e1vn\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy anebo pokyny k\u00a0zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0ochrany zdrav\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci, a\u010dkoli s\u00a0nimi byl \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b sezn\u00e1men\u00fd a\u00a0jejich znalost a\u00a0dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed byly soustavn\u011b vy\u017eadovan\u00e9 a\u00a0kontrolovan\u00e9, a\/nebo<\/li>\n<li>v\u00a0d\u016fsledku opilosti dot\u010den\u00e9ho zam\u011bstnance \u010di zneu\u017eit\u00ed jin\u00fdch n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kdy zam\u011bstnavatel nemohl \u0161kod\u011b nebo nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajm\u011b zabr\u00e1nit,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a\u00a0prok\u00e1\u017eete-li sou\u010dasn\u011b i\u00a0to, \u017ee tyto skute\u010dnosti byly\u00a0<strong>jedinou<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou<\/strong>\u00a0vznikl\u00e9 \u0161kody nebo nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy.<\/p>\n<p>Povinnosti nahradit \u0161kodu nebo nemajetkovou \u00fajmu se<strong>\u00a0zprost\u00edte \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b<\/strong>, prok\u00e1\u017eete-li, \u017ee vznikla:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>v\u00a0d\u016fsledku po\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1vykov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky anebo poru\u0161en\u00ed pravidel BOZP zam\u011bstnancem, a\/nebo<\/li>\n<li>t\u00edm, \u017ee si zam\u011bstnanec po\u010d\u00ednal v\u00a0rozporu s\u00a0obvykl\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di jednal lehkomysln\u011b,<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>a\u00a0toto bylo jednou z\u00a0p\u0159\u00ed\u010din vzniku pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu. V\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u0161ak dod\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee pokud se chcete n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody nebo \u00fajmy zprostit, mus\u00edte uv\u00e9st z\u00a0jak\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho zpro\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ak v\u017edy zaplat\u00edte alespo\u0148 \u2153 t\u00e9to \u0161kody nebo nemajetkov\u00e9 \u00fajmy.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance vs. nemoc z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>V\u00a0prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je od sebe odli\u0161ujte. Rozd\u00edl mezi \u00farazem a\u00a0nemoc\u00ed z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0tom, jak vznikaj\u00ed. \u00daraz je n\u00e1hl\u00fd (jde o\u00a0\u201en\u00e1hl\u00e9, nenad\u00e1l\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed zevn\u00edch vliv\u016f\u201c), zat\u00edmco nemoc vznik\u00e1 postupn\u011b.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm rozd\u00edlem mezi pracovn\u00edm \u00farazem a\u00a0nemoc\u00ed z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed je skute\u010dnost, \u017ee pracovn\u00edm \u00farazem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v\u0161e, co odpov\u00edd\u00e1 z\u00e1konn\u00e9 definici \u00farazu, zat\u00edmco nemoci z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed jsou stanoven\u00e9 v\u00a0na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vl\u00e1dy. Ty, kter\u00e9 tam je\u0161t\u011b nejsou, m\u016f\u017eete uplatnit jako nemoc z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 3\u00a0roky zp\u011btn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Co maj\u00ed v\u0161ak pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance i\u00a0nemoc z\u00a0povol\u00e1n\u00ed prakticky spole\u010dn\u00e9, jsou zam\u011bstnancovy n\u00e1roky z\u00a0nich plynouc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Author:<\/strong> Mgr.\u00a0Petr Uklein, Mgr.\u00a0Richard Kraus a\u00a0Pavla Bachurov\u00e1, pr\u00e1vn\u00edci v\u00a0advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159i ModerniPravnik.cz,\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance \u0159e\u0161te rad\u011bji s\u00a0odborn\u00edky na pracovn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo - kontaktujte n\u00e1s!<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\n        <div class=\"cta-form__wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"cta-form__grid\">\n                <div class=\"cta-form__info\">\n\n<div class=\"contact-container\">\n    <div class=\"contact-left\">\n<h3> <strong>Napi\u0161te na\u0161im odborn\u00edk\u016fm, pom\u016f\u017eeme v\u00e1m!  <\/strong><\/h3>\n        <div class=\"lawyers\">\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Petr-Uklein-Grey.jpg\" alt=\"Advokat 1\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Matej-Sedivy.png\" alt=\"Advokat 2\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Barbora-Janackova-grey3.jpg\" alt=\"Advokat 3\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/martin-1.png\" alt=\"Advokat 4\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/radka-1.png\" alt=\"Advokat 5\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image.png\" alt=\"Advokat 6\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"lawyer\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ruta.png\" alt=\"Advokat 7\">\n                <span class=\"status\"><\/span>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<div class=\"form-descr\">\nNev\u00e1hejte se s\u00a0n\u00e1mi pod\u011blit o\u00a0svou situaci a\u00a0stru\u010dn\u011b popsat, s\u00a0\u010d\u00edm v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci. Sd\u011blte n\u00e1m, jak v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017eeme nejl\u00e9pe kontaktovat, a\u00a0n\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm se v\u00e1m obratem ozve s\u00a0n\u00e1vrhem \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Pro va\u0161i lep\u0161\u00ed orientaci doporu\u010dujeme se p\u0159edem sezn\u00e1mit s\u00a0na\u0161\u00edm <a href=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/cenik\/\"><strong>price list<\/strong><\/a> Services.\n<\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"contact-info\">\n            \n<strong> Po-P\u00e1: 9:00 -18:00 <\/strong>\n            <p class=\"email\"><a href=\"mailto:info@modernipravnik.cz\">info@modernipravnik.cz<\/a><\/p>\n<a href=\"tel:+420732394849\">\n<p class=\"phone\">\ud83d\udcde (+420) 732 394 849 <span><\/span><\/p><\/a>\n\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n \n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n                <div class=\"cta-form__form\">\n            <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/chatbot\/cf\/cf.css\"><form class=\"mp-contact-form\" action=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/chatbot\/cf\/cf-lead.php\" method=\"post\" novalidate data-trp-original-action=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/chatbot\/cf\/cf-lead.php\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"mp_kontrola\" class=\"mp-cf-hp\" tabindex=\"-1\" autocomplete=\"off\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"page\" value=\"\"><div class=\"mp-cf-row\"><input type=\"text\" name=\"first_name\" placeholder=\"Jm\u00e9no\" required><input type=\"text\" name=\"last_name\" placeholder=\"P\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed\" required><\/div><input type=\"tel\" name=\"phone\" placeholder=\"Phone\" required><input type=\"email\" name=\"email\" placeholder=\"E-mail\" required><textarea name=\"message\" placeholder=\"Stru\u010dn\u011b popi\u0161te, s \u010d\u00edm v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci\"><\/textarea><label class=\"mp-cf-consent\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"consent\" required> I consent to the processing of my personal data for the purpose of handling my inquiry.<\/label><div class=\"cf-turnstile\" data-sitekey=\"0x4AAAAAADtQojXXLQXxojB1\" data-size=\"flexible\" style=\"margin:6px 0 14px\"><\/div><button type=\"submit\">Odeslat<\/button><div class=\"mp-cf-status\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"en\"\/><\/form><script src=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/chatbot\/cf\/cf.js?v=1792426575\" defer><\/script>\n        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n<style>\n.cta-form__wrapper {\n    margin: 40px 0;\n    background: #f2f2f2;\n    padding: 30px;\n    border-radius: 10px;\n}\n.cta-form__grid {\n    display: flex;\n    flex-wrap: wrap;\n    gap: 30px;\n    justify-content: space-between;\n}\n.cta-form__info {\n    flex: 1 1 48%;\n}\n.cta-form__form {\n    flex: 1 1 48%;\n    background: #fff;\n    padding: 20px;\n    border-radius: 10px;\n}\n\/* \u041c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438: 100% \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0438 *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n    .cta-form__wrapper {\n        padding: 0;\n        background: transparent;\n    }\n    .cta-form__grid {\n        flex-direction: column;\n        gap: 0;\n    }\n    .cta-form__info, .cta-form__form {\n        flex: 1 1 100%;\n        padding: 20px;\n        border-radius: 0;\n    }\n}\n<\/style><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A\u010dkoli v\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nepochybujeme o\u00a0tom, \u017ee jako zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 se v\u0161emi zp\u016fsoby sna\u017e\u00edte vytv\u00e1\u0159et dobr\u00e9 a\u00a0bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance je bohu\u017eel n\u011bco, s\u00a0\u010d\u00edm se d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji ur\u010dit\u011b setk\u00e1te. Jak\u00e9 minimum byste tedy z\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti m\u011bli zn\u00e1t?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":754,"featured_media":13034,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2771,71,259],"tags":[419,72,75,78,1494,77,76],"class_list":["post-2385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podnikani","category-pracovni-pravo","category-soudni-spory","tag-nahrada-skody","tag-pracovni-pravo","tag-pracovni-smlouva","tag-pracovni-uraz","tag-soudni-spory-cs","tag-zamestnanec","tag-zamestnavatel"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance z pohledu zam\u011bstnavatele<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pro zam\u011bstnavatele \u0159adu ot\u00e1zek. Jak\u00e9 jsou va\u0161e povinnosti a na co si d\u00e1t pozor? Dozv\u00edte se v na\u0161em \u010dl\u00e1nku.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/blog\/pracovni-urazy-z-pohledu-zamestnavatele\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance z pohledu zam\u011bstnavatele\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pracovn\u00ed \u00faraz zam\u011bstnance p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pro zam\u011bstnavatele \u0159adu ot\u00e1zek. Jak\u00e9 jsou va\u0161e povinnosti a na co si d\u00e1t pozor? 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Petr Uklein\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mgr. Petr Uklein\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/modernipravnik.cz\\\/blog\\\/pracovni-urazy-z-pohledu-zamestnavatele\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/modernipravnik.cz\\\/blog\\\/pracovni-urazy-z-pohledu-zamestnavatele\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mgr. 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