{"id":4821,"date":"2023-01-18T15:13:23","date_gmt":"2023-01-18T15:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/?p=4821"},"modified":"2023-01-18T15:13:25","modified_gmt":"2023-01-18T15:13:25","slug":"jak-vystavit-smenku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/blog\/jak-vystavit-smenku\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak vystavit sm\u011bnku a\u00a0jak ji vym\u00e1hat?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak vystavit sm\u011bnku a\u00a0jak ji vym\u00e1hat?<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Co je to sm\u011bnka?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sm\u011bnka je listinn\u00fd cenn\u00fd pap\u00edr, kter\u00fd obsahuje pr\u00e1vo v\u011b\u0159itele na pen\u011b\u017eit\u00e9 pln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bez sm\u011bnky nelze uplatnit. Cenn\u00fd pap\u00edrem rozum\u00edme listinu, kter\u00e1 je nositelem pr\u00e1va. Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0dokument se kter\u00fdm jsou spojeny ur\u010dit\u00e9 hodnoty nebo majetkov\u00e1 pln\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sm\u011bnka obsahuje p\u00edsemn\u00fd z\u00e1vazek dlu\u017en\u00edka, kter\u00fd se jej\u00edm podpisem zavazuje, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159iteli (majiteli sm\u011bnky) v\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fd den a\u00a0na ur\u010dit\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b uhrad\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stku uvedenou na sm\u011bnce. Tento slib zaplatit nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt spojen se spln\u011bn\u00edm jin\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Druhy sm\u011bnek<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dle z\u00e1kona existuj\u00ed dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed druhy sm\u011bnek: sm\u011bnka vlastn\u00ed a\u00a0sm\u011bnka ciz\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Sm\u011bnkou vlastn\u00ed se \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd ji vystavuje, zavazuje, \u017ee uhrad\u00ed v\u00a0dohodnut\u00e9m term\u00ednu a\u00a0na dohodnut\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b ur\u010ditou \u010d\u00e1stku.\u00a0<\/li><li>Na sm\u011bnce ciz\u00ed se\u00a0dlu\u017en\u00edk\u00a0nezavazuje, \u017ee stanovenou \u010d\u00e1stku s\u00e1m zaplat\u00ed, ale p\u0159ikazuje platbu n\u011bkomu dal\u0161\u00edmu - nap\u0159. <em>bance, kde m\u00e1 veden\u00fd \u00fa\u010det.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak vystavit sm\u011bnku?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sm\u011bnka mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy seps\u00e1na p\u00edsemn\u011b, nelze ji vystavit\u00a0 jinou formou (nap\u0159. \u00fastn\u011b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou n\u00e1le\u017eitosti a\u00a0forma sm\u011bnky?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e1le\u017eitosti, kter\u00e9 sm\u011bnka obsahuje, upravuje z\u00e1kon sm\u011bne\u010dn\u00fd a\u00a0\u0161ekov\u00fd (\u010d.\u00a0191\/1950\u00a0Sb.).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sm\u011bnka mus\u00ed obsahovat:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>V\u00fdslovn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed listiny jako \u201esm\u011bnka&#8221;<\/li><li>Bezpodm\u00edne\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edkaz nebo slib zaplatit \u010d\u00e1stku uvedenou ve sm\u011bnce<\/li><li>Jm\u00e9no toho, kdo m\u00e1 platit<\/li><li>Splatnost sm\u011bnky<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>M\u00edsto, kde m\u00e1 b\u00fdt placeno<\/li><li>Jm\u00e9no toho, komu nebo na jeho\u017e \u0159ad m\u00e1 b\u00fdt placeno<\/li><li>Datum a\u00a0m\u00edsto vystaven\u00ed sm\u011bnky<\/li><li>Vlastnoru\u010dn\u00ed podpis v\u00fdstavce pod textem sm\u011bnky<\/li><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak ur\u010dit splatnost sm\u011bnky?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nen\u00ed t\u0159eba zapsat p\u0159esn\u00e9 datum, ale je mo\u017en\u00e9 ji ur\u010dit \u010dty\u0159mi zp\u016fsoby:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed datum splatnosti,<\/li><li>doba od vystaven\u00ed sm\u011bnky, po jej\u00edm\u017e uplynut\u00ed bude sm\u011bnka splatn\u00e1 (nap\u0159\u00edklad: do roka od jej\u00edho vystaven\u00ed),<\/li><li>sm\u011bnka splatn\u00e1 na vid\u011bnou; to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je splatn\u00e1 kdykoliv ji dlu\u017en\u00edkovi p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00edte,<\/li><li>splatn\u00e1 na ur\u010dit\u00fd \u010das po vid\u011bn\u00e9 (nap\u0159\u00edklad: t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce po vid\u011bn\u00e9); to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee dlu\u017en\u00edk v\u00e1m mus\u00ed zaplatit do stanoven\u00e9 lh\u016fty od chv\u00edle, kdy mu sm\u011bnku p\u0159edlo\u017e\u00edte.<\/li><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nejste si jisti, jak spr\u00e1vn\u011b sm\u011bnku formulovat, aby obsahovala v\u0161echny jej\u00ed n\u00e1le\u017eitosti spr\u00e1vn\u011b? Nev\u00e1hejte se na n\u00e1s obr\u00e1tit, r\u00e1di V\u00e1m s\u00a0vystaven\u00edm sm\u011bnky pom\u016f\u017eeme.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak na vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pln\u011bn\u00ed ze sm\u011bnky?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sm\u011bnka je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za\u00a0n\u00e1stroj, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu lze\u00a0<strong>rychle a\u00a0efektivn\u011b vym\u00e1hat dluhy<\/strong>, i\u00a0p\u0159esto se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eete dostat do situace, \u017ee V\u00e1m dlu\u017en\u00edk v\u010das nezaplat\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Proces vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Prvn\u00edm krokem cesty je posouzen\u00ed, zda dan\u00e1 sm\u011bnka plat\u00ed, spousta sm\u011bnek obsahuje chyby, kter\u00e9 mohou zap\u0159\u00ed\u010dinit neplatnost sm\u011bnky.\u00a0<\/li><li><\/li><li>N\u00e1sledn\u011b doporu\u010dujeme zaslat dlu\u017en\u00edkovi p\u0159ed\u017ealobn\u00ed v\u00fdzvu, kde dlu\u017en\u00edka pou\u010d\u00edte o\u00a0situaci, kter\u00e1 nastane, pokud nezaplat\u00ed.\u00a0<\/li><li><\/li><li>Pokud p\u0159esto dlu\u017en\u00edk neuhrad\u00ed sv\u016fj dluh, p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed krok. T\u00edm je <strong>vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed sm\u011bnky soudn\u00ed cestou<\/strong>. \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed se zahajuje \u017ealobou a\u00a0p\u0159i jej\u00edm pod\u00e1n\u00ed je t\u0159eba zaplatit soudn\u00ed poplatek.\u00a0<\/li><li><\/li><li><strong>protestace sm\u011bnky: <\/strong>Abychom mohli sm\u011bnku vym\u00e1hat u\u00a0soudu, je nutn\u00e9 dok\u00e1zat, \u017ee\u00a0sm\u011bnka byla \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b p\u0159edlo\u017eena k\u00a0zaplacen\u00ed, ale dlu\u017en\u00edk V\u00e1m ji nezaplatil.<\/li><li><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017ealoby vyd\u00e1 soud <strong>sm\u011bne\u010dn\u00fd platebn\u00ed rozkaz<\/strong>. Dlu\u017en\u00edk m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo do patn\u00e1cti dn\u016f od doru\u010den\u00ed podat proti rozkazu od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1mitky. Jestli\u017ee tak neu\u010din\u00ed, sm\u011bne\u010dn\u00fd rozkaz nab\u00fdv\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/modernipravnik.cz\/en\/obchodni-pravo\/bylo-vam-doruceno-usneseni-ci-rozsudek\/\">pr\u00e1vn\u00ed moci<\/a> a\u00a0vykonatelnosti.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud dlu\u017en\u00edk ani pot\u00e9 nezaplat\u00ed Va\u0161i pohled\u00e1vku, p\u0159istupuje se k\u00a0pod\u00e1n\u00ed exeku\u010dn\u00edho n\u00e1vrhu a\u00a0tedy vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed exeku\u010dn\u00ed cestou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nem\u00e1te \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s\u00a0vypl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm sm\u011bnky nebo s\u00a0jej\u00edm vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00edm? Nev\u00e1hejte se na n\u00e1s obr\u00e1tit, r\u00e1di V\u00e1m se v\u0161\u00edm pom\u016f\u017eeme.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Proml\u010den\u00ed sm\u011bnky<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00a0vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00edm sm\u011bnky nen\u00ed radno ot\u00e1let. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee neza\u010dnete svoji sm\u011bnku vym\u00e1hat <strong>do t\u0159\u00ed let od data splatnosti<\/strong>, proml\u010d\u00ed se Va\u0161e pr\u00e1vo na pln\u011bn\u00ed.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Autor: Mgr.\u00a0Petr Uklein, vedouc\u00ed advok\u00e1t advok\u00e1tn\u00ed kancel\u00e1\u0159e ModerniPravnik.cz a\u00a0Michaela B\u00edl\u00e1, pr\u00e1vn\u00ed praktikant<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#pr\u00e1vo #dluh #pohledavka #vymahani #penize #soud #dluznik #smenka #zavazek #advokat #upominky #splatnost&nbsp; #zaloba #promlceni&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sm\u011bnka je velice efektivn\u00edm prost\u0159edkem pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Va\u0161ich pohled\u00e1vek. Co je to sm\u011bnka, a\u00a0jak takov\u00fd prost\u0159edek spr\u00e1vn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt, se dozv\u00edte v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":754,"featured_media":13109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,59,64,259],"tags":[276,282,271,277,959,272,275,889,958,957,281,278,279,283,956,273],"class_list":["post-4821","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obchodni-pravo","category-pravni-poradna-online","category-smlouvy","category-soudni-spory","tag-dluh","tag-dluznik","tag-dohoda","tag-exekuce","tag-nalezitosti-smenky","tag-nesplaceni-pohledavky","tag-pohledavka","tag-promlceni","tag-promlceni-smenky","tag-smenka","tag-soud","tag-upominky","tag-veritel","tag-vymahani-dluhu","tag-vymahani-smenky","tag-zavazek"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Co to je sm\u011bnka a jak tento institut vyu\u017e\u00edt? - Modernipravnik.cz<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sm\u011bnka je velice praktick\u00fd institut, kter\u00fdm si zajist\u00edte, \u017ee dostanete sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze. 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